A total of 242,000 square kilometers or 28 percent of Tanzania’s total land area of more than 945,202 square kilometers are under different forms of protection. This massive of land under protection is similar in size to the entire land of the Republic of Uganda, and puts Tanzania in a league of its own since the world average varies from 3.04 percent to 5.1 percent. The success of conservation of Tanzania’s Fauna and Biodiversity has been a concerted efforts of various governments (from colonial German and British rule to the present ones). Protected areas of Tanzania are grouped into categories (categories of protected areas) that vary according to degree of protection offered to the land and wildlife. These categories in order of greatest to least protection are; National parks (NP), the Ngorongoro Conservation Area Authority (NCAA), Resource reserves (for example Game reserves, Forest reserves as well as Open game controlled areas), and Wildlife Sanctuary, Biosphere Reserve, World Heritage Sites, Marine Parks as well as scientific reserves or wilderness area. Some of protected areas in Tanzania have been designated as Biosphere Reserves and World Heritage Sites, indicating that these sites have unique ecosystems important not only to Tanzania, but also to the world. Examples of Biosphere reserves in Tanzania are Lake Manyara National park, Serengeti National Park and Ngorongoro Conservation Areas Authority (NCAA) while at the same time Ngorongoro Conservation Area Authority (NCAA), Serengeti National Park, Selous Game Reserve, Kilimanjaro national Park, Ruins of Kilwa Kisiwani and Ruins of Songo Mnara, The Stone town of Zanzibar, Mafia Island Marine Park and many more are good examples of World Heritage Sites.

  • From Colonial German and British rule to the present ones;
  •  At independence in 1961, Tanzania mainland (formerly known as Tanganyika had only one National Park (Serengeti), but the number has since grown to17 and now represents one of the most extensive and diverse protected area networks in Africa.  Of 17 National Parks in Tanzania, 16 National Parks are found in Tanzania mainland while Tanzania Islands (Zanzibar),  only one National Park which is Jozani Chwaka Bay National Park. The philosophy of Wildlife and Land Conservation was enshrined  at the beginning of Tanzania’s Foundation as an Independent Nation in a speech given by Tanzania’s first president, The late Julius Kambarage Nyerere, in 1961, in what it became known as Arusha Manifesto:

“The survival of Wildlife is a matter of grave concern to all of us in Africa. These wild creatures amid the wild places they inhabit are not only important as a source of wonder and inspiration, but are an integral part of our natural resources and our future livelihood and well-being”.

  • Aims of the Conservation in Tanzania ;
  • One of the major aims of the conservation in Tanzania had been to reap economic benefits emnating from international tourism. By 2005, a total of 14 National Parks, 31 Game Reserves, 38 Game Controlled Areas, Ngorongoro Conservation Areas Authority (NCAA), and Marine Park had been gazetted and protected. Today, the United Republic of Tanzania has 17 National Parks (16 in Tanzania Mainland and the only one National Park in Tanzania Islands (Zanzibar).
  • Tanzania National Parks Authority (TANAPA) and Ngorongoro Conservation Area Authority (NCAA);
  •   Tanzania National Parks Authority (TANAPA) and Ngorongoro Conservation Area Authority (NCAA) are major destinations organizations in Tanzania.

TANZANIA NATIONAL PARKS AUTHORITY (TANAPA);

  • Tanzania National Parks Authority is a parastatal organization responsible for managing and supervising the country’s 17 National Parks.

Functions of Tanzania National Parks Authority;

Its main function is to conserve the habitat, scenery, Flora and Fauna of the parks for the enjoyment and the benefit of the current and of the future generations. The game parks of Tanzania have been set aside by the government as wildlife and botanical sanctuaries that enjoy a high degree of protection and management. They serve conservational, educational and recreational purpose for Tanzanians and overseas visitors and form the main stay of the country’s tourist industry (Nature – based Tourism).

National Parks;

  • These are relatively large natural areas not materially altered by human activity where extractive resource uses are not allowed. National Parks are declared by an act of parliament after approval by ministry and district, regional authorities under the powers of the wildlife conservation act. They are chosen and recognized by their outstanding Flora, Fauna and Landscape, and for their aesthetic and economic value. The establishment of a national park is a conscious decision to preserve an area for future generations. A national park has a high level of protection with patrolled borders and anti-poaching team, if needed. Hunting, Logging, Mining, Farming and Grazing of domestic animals are prohibited. Tourism is usually both permitted and encouraged. Jozani Chwaka Bay National Park in Zanzibar Islands (Unguja Island) has similar status to the Mainland National Parks but is administered by the Zanzibar Department of Forestry and non-renewable Natural Resource.

HIGHLIGHTS OF CURRENT 17 NATIONAL PARKS COUNTRYWIDE;

(1). Jozani Chwaka Bay National Park;

Establishment:           Established in 2004.

Size /Area:                    50 square kilometers (19 square miles).

Main habitats;

  •  Coastal forest, ground water forest, mangrove forest.

Seasons ;

  • Dry season; June to October, Wet season/ Rainy season (November to May) very little seasonal variation in wildlife.
  • Tourism activities; -Guided walks;
  • Mammals/ Fauna;
  • Zanzibar Red Colobus monkey (kimapunji), Adder’s duiker (rare).

NOTE & REMEMBER;

  • Currently, the only National park on Zanzibar islands; This national park with similar status to the mainland national parks is administered by the Zanzibar Department of forestry and non- renewable Natural Resource;

(2). Ruaha National park;

  • Establishment: Established in 1964.
  • Size/ Area: 20,225 to 20,380 square kilometers (7,800 square miles). Currently, the largest National park in Tanzania and Africa.
  • Main habitats:

Acacia – Commiphora bushland,  dry miombo woodland, riverine forest, flood plain grasslands.

  • Seasons;

Dry season (May to October); Wet season/Rainy season (November to April), wildlife viewing better in the dry season;

  • Tourism activities;
  • Game drives, guided bush walks, night drives.
  • Mammals / Fauna ;

Big cats,  many large ungulate species, including Sable Antelope,  Roan Antelope,  Savanna Elephant. etc

GENERAL INFORMATION (RUAHA NATIONAL PARK);

  • Ruaha National park is the largest national Park in Tanzania with an area of over 20,225 to 20,380square kilometers (7,800 square miles). It is located in the middle of Tanzania about 130 km from Iringa. The park is  part of a more extensive ecosystem, which includes Rungwa Game Reserve, Usangu Game Reserve and several other protected areas.
  • The name of the park is derived from the Great Ruaha, which flows along its south eastern margin and is the focus for game viewing. The park can be reached  by car via Iringa and there is an airstrip at Msembe,  park headquarters ;
  • Creation of Ruaha national park;

The creation of a national park in this area was first proposed in 1949 by the senior Game Ranger in Mbeya, George Rushby. In 1951 it was gazetted by the British colonial authorities as an extension of the neighbouring Rungwa game reserve. People living in the new protected area were subsequently forced to move out. In 1964 it was excised from the game reserve and elevated to full park status. In 2008 it was extended to incorporate the former Usangu wildlife management Area, in the upper Ruaha catchment, making Ruaha the largest park in Africa. Ruaha is famous for its large population of elephants. Presently about 10,000 are roaming the park. Ruaha national park is also a true birdwatchers paradise; 436 species have been identified of an estimated total of 475. Among the resident birds are different species of hornbills, king fishers and sunbirds. Also many migrants visit Ruaha, such as the white stork. Other special animals in Ruaha are; the African wild Dog and Sable Antelope. Rhinoceros were last sighted in 1982 and are probably extinct in the park due to poaching. The best time to visit for predators and large mammals is the dry season (May- December) and for birds and flowers,  the wet/ rainy season(  January –April);

  • Challenges facing the park;

The park is currently facing a significant environmental challenge from the progressive drying up of the great Ruaha River. The river used to flow all year round, but since 1993 there have been increasingly long periods every dry season in which it has dried up completely. Different hypotheses have been advanced  to account  for this,  and one view is that it is caused by the expansion of irrigation schemes for rice cultivation and growth of livestock keeping in the Usangu wetlands or the Ihefu, which feeds the Great Ruaha River.

  • Facilities;

There are six lodges in Ruaha: Tandala Tented camp, Mwagusi safari camp, Mdonya old River camp, Ruaha River lodge, Kwihale and  Jongomero camp. There are also several park run public campsites.

(3). Katavi National Park;

  • Establishment: Established in 1974.
  • Size / Area: 4,471 square kilometers (1,725 square miles).
  • Main habitats:

Wet Miombo woodland, flood plain grasslands.

  • Seasons:

Dry season (June to October), Wet/Rainy Season (November to May). Wildlife viewing better in the dry season.

  • Tourism Activities:

Game drives, night drives, Guided bush walks.

  • Mammals /Fauna;

Lion, Roan Antelope, Large herds of African Buffalo and common Hippopotamus;

 

  • GENERAL INFORMATION (KATAVI NATIONAL PARK);

Katavi National Park is Tanzania’s third Largest National Park (4,471 km2), is the heart of one of the biggest and richest wildlife areas in Tanzania. Located along the rift escarpment in Western Tanzania, it offers incredible scenery including immense wetlands, roaring waterfalls and original miombo woodlands, where the Sable antelopes often hide.  During the dry season, huge herds of buffalo, Zebras and Impalas gather with Elephants, waterbucks and duikers around the drying water reserves of Lake Katavi and Lake Chada. You can also observe many animals along the remaining pools of Katuma River which are bursting with Hippos and Crocodiles.  Here, at these remaining water sources, the Lions, Leopards and Wild dogs can be found searching for their prey, watched by patiently waiting vultures which share the trees with Fish eagles, Storks and Vervet monkeys. As soon as the first rains start, Katavi transforms again into a flowering paradise with enormous swamps, lakes, rivers and waterfalls, attracting an incredible diversity of birdlife.

(4). Saa Nane Island National Park;

This national park was established in very recent years after being upgraded from wildlife Zoo to the status of national park. This national park is located in lake Victoria, the same as Rubondo. (For more details, please read our travel company website at www.domestictourismsafaris.co.tz ).

(5). Gombe Stream National park;

  • Establishment: Established in 1968.
  • Size/Area: 56 square kilometers (After being expanded very recently from 52 square kilometers );
  • Main Habitats:

Wet Miombo woodland.

  • Seasons:

Dry season (May to October), wet season/rainy season (November to May). Chimpanzees are generally easier to find in the dry season.

  • Tourism Activities:

Guided forest walks.

  • Mammals (Fauna):

Chimpanzee, Red – Tailed monkey, Easten Red Colobus monkey.

(6). Rubondo Islands National Park;

  • Establishment: Established in 1977.
  • Size/Area: 457square kilometers (176 square miles). Half of the national park extends into the lake surrounding the Island.
  • Main Habitats:

Lowland rain forest, papyrus swamp.

  • Seasons:

Dry season (June to October), Wet season/Rainy season (November to May), virtually no seasonal variation in wildlife.

  • Tourism Activities:

Guided forest walks, boat trips.

  • Mammals (Fauna):

Sitatunga, spotted necked offer, etc.

(7). Saadani National Park;

  • Establishment:

Established in 2005 (Upgraded from a game reserve that was established in 1960 to 1962).

  • Size/Area:

1,100 square kilometers (425 square miles) to 1,148 square kilometers of land and 30 square kilometers of sea (total 1,178 square kilometers).

  • Main Habitats:

Coastal forest, Mangrove forest, Savanna – grassland.

  • Seasons:

Dry season (June to October), Wet season /Rainy season (November to May), Little seasonal variation in wildlife.

  • Tourism Activities:

Game drives, river boat trips.

  • Mammals Fauna:

Angola Black – and – white colobus monkey, Miombo genet,  Harvey red duikers, Rondo Dwarf Galago (rare).

(8). Kitulo Plateau National Park ;

  • Establishment ; Established in 2005.
  • Size/Area ;

413 square Kilometers (160 square miles).

  • Main Habitat;

Afro – montane grassland, bamboo forest.

  • Seasons:

Dry season (June to October), wet season/ rainy season (November to May), little seasonal variation in wildlife, wet season/ rainy season is best for flowering.

  • Tourism Activities:

Guided walks.

  • Mammals (Fauna):

Angola Black – and – white colobus, Kipunji, Striped wealsel, Abbott’s Duiker(rare).

(9). Mikumi National Park;

  • Establishment ; Established in 1964.
  • Size/Area ;

3,320 square Kilometers (1,282 square miles).

  • Main Habitats;

Dry Miombo woodland, Flood- plain grassland.

  • Seasons:

Dry season (June to November), wet season/ rainy season (December to May), little seasonal variation in wildlife.

  • Tourism Activities:

Game drives.

  • Mammals (Fauna):

Many Large Savanna species, Honey Badgers,  etc.

(10). Serengeti National Park;

  • Establishment ;

Established in 1951(UNESCO World Heritage site & Biosphere reserve).

  • Size/Area ;

14,763 square Kilometers (5,700 square miles), oldest and second-largest National Park in Tanzania.

  • Main Habitats;

Vast short – grass plains,  Acacia woodland,  Kopjes (Rocky outcrops).

  • Seasons:

Dry season (June to October), wet season/ rainy season (November to May), best time to see wildebeest calving on short grass plains is January to April.

  • Tourism Activities:

Game drives,  guided bush walks.

  • Mammals (Fauna):

The largest mammal migration in Africa. Many large Ungulates and large predators. Among of them are Baboon, Bat – eared Fox, Buffalo, Wildebeest, Zebra, Leopard, Lion, Gazelles and many more.

(11). Mkomazi National Park;

  • Establishment ;

Established in 2008( upgraded from a game reserve established in 1951).

  • Size/Area ;

2010 to3,245 square Kilometers (1,253 square miles).

  • Main Habitats;

Semi- arid Acacia bushland;

  • Seasons:

Dry season (June to October), wet season/ rainy season (November to May), best visited in the dry season.

  • Tourism Activities:

Gamed drives, guided bush walks, night drives;

(12). Lake Manyara National Park ;

  • Establishment ;

Established in 1960 (UNESCO Biosphere reserve).

  • Size/Area ;

330 square Kilometers (127 square miles), 30 percent is land and 70 percent is Lake Manyara.

  • Main Habitats;

Mature ground water forest, lake and lake shore.

  • Seasons:

Dry season (June to October), wet season/ rainy season (November to May), very little seasonal variation in wildlife;

  • Tourism Activities:

Gamed drives, Canoeing, night drives.

  • Mammals (Fauna):

Savanna Elephant, Common Hippopotamus, Klipspringer, Bushy – tailed mongoose;

(13). Tarangire national Park;

  • Establishment ;

Established in 1970.

  • Size/Area ;

2,600 to 2,850 square Kilometers (1,100 square miles).

  • Main Habitats;

Acacia – Commiphora bushland with scattered baobabs, riverine bushland,  dry bushland in the south.

  • Seasons:

Dry season (June to October), wet season/ rainy season (November to May).  Best time for large concentrations of Ungulates along the Tarangire River is July to October. Large gatherings of elephant in January to February.

  • Tourism Activities:

Game drives, guided bush walks and  night drives.

  • Mammals (Fauna):

Large groups of savanna Elephant and African Buffalo, Fringed – eared oryx, Greater and lesser Kudu, Lion. Etc

(14).    Arusha National Park;

  • Establishment ;

Established in 1960.

  • Size/Area ;

542 to 552 square Kilometers (210 square miles) after being expanded.  When it was established in 1960, its area was 137 square kilometers.

  • Main Habitats;

Montane forest,  Lakeshore and alti montane shrub land on upper slopes of Mount Meru.

  • Seasons:

Dry season (June to October), wet season/ rainy season (November to May), very little seasonal variation in wildlife.

  • Tourism Activities:

Game activities, guided forest walks, canoeing.

  • Mammals (Fauna):

Guereza Black – and – white colobus monkey, Blue monkey/Sykey monkey, Harvey red duikers, Suni, etc.

(15). Udzungwa Mountains National Park;

  • Establishment ;

Established in 1992.

  • Size/Area ;

1,990 square Kilometers (768 square miles).

  • Main Habitats;

Afromontane forest, Miombo woodland, lowland rainforest.

  • Seasons:

Dry season (June to October), wet season/ rainy season (November to May), little seasonal variation in wildlife.

  • Tourism Activities:

Guided forest walks.

  • Mammals (Fauna):

Udzungwa Red colobus monkey, Sanje mangabey, Abbott’s Duikers;

(16). Mahale mountains National Park;

  • Establishment ;

Established in 1985.

  • Size / Area;

1,613 square kilometers (623 square miles). This park includes 50km (31 miles) of lake shore,  and extends 1.6 km (1 miles) into lake Tanganyika.

  • Main Habitats;

Afromontane forest, wet Miombo woodland.

  • Seasons:

Dry season (May to October), wet season/ rainy season (November to May), little variation in wildlife,  although chimpanzees are harder to find in May and June.

  • Tourism Activities:

Guided forest walks.

  • Mammals (Fauna):

Chimpanzee , Red – tailed monkey, Eastern Red colobus monkey.

(17). MOUNT KILIMANJARO NATIONAL PARK;

  • Establishment;

Established in 1973 (Unesco world Heritage site).

  • Size / Area;

I, 668 square Kilometers (644 square miles).

  • Main habitats ;

Dormant volcano with afro montane forest, altimontane shrub land, and glaciers’ near the summit;

  • Seasons;
  • Dry season ( June to October), wet season / Rainy season ( November to May), Little to no seasonal variation in wildlife.
  • Tourism activities ;

Guided mountain trekking ;

  • Mammals ( Fauna);

Guereza Black and white colobus monkey,  Blue or silvery monkeys, Abbot’ts Duikers ( Under to this park and other parks of Tanzania as well as a rare animal to be seen due to its nocturnal habit).

  • Note & Remember;

The national Park boundary begins at the forest edge and very few lowland species are found in the National Park.

 

NGORONGORO CONSERVATION AREA AUTHORITY( NCAA);

  • Ngorongoro Conservation Area Authority (NCAA) operates under the jurisdiction of the Ngorongoro Conservation Area Authority (NCAA) and allows multiple land uses (Multiple land use area, including pastoral activities and settlement, but farming is not allowed in any case).
  • Ngorongoro Conservation Area prides itself as the cradle of human kind since the oldest remains of modern human kind was found in Olduvai Gorge (Better known as Oldupai in Maasai Language, meaning wild sisal). Also it is in this area where the famous Ngorongoro crater is located. Ngorongoro crater is the largest extinct volcanic crater in the world, measuring 12 miles across and is home of the largest permanent population of game in all of Africa.

Functions of the Ngorongoro Conservation Area Authority (NCAA);

  • Functions of the Ngorongoro Conservation Area Authority (NCAA) include to conserve and develop the natural resources of the conservation area, to promote tourism within the conservation area,  to Safeguard and promote the interests of Maasai citizens and to promote and regulate the development of forestry within the Conservation Area.
  • What were the main factors that led to the establishment of Ngorongoro Conservation Area Authority (NCAA)?

In the past, the human beings particularly the Maasai community used to live with animals at Greater Serengeti National park which was established in 1940. Since the Maasai were by then living within the park without proper regulations and guidelines, the local communities were at risk of the wild animals, diseases and other calamities. The colonial government of the British rule thus thought it would be wise to establish two exclusive settlements, one for animals alone (Today, Serengeti National park) and the other to serve as multiple Land use project (Today, Ngorongoro Conservation Area Authority (NCAA), where both Man and animals co-exist (Namely,  wildlife, livestock and Human beings). This was a strategy aimed at reducing pressure on limited natural resources on one hand, and sustainability, on the other. Besides preserving diversity, the government wanted to ensure that the rights of the indigenous Maasai are safeguarded. So the few maasai community remaining in the Greater Serengeti National Park were resettled in the today’s- Ngorongoro Conservation Area Authority.

The Ngorongoro Conservation Area Authority (NCAA) is divided into 4 zones. The Maasai are found in the Western and Eastern zones while wild animals have the Southern and Northern zones as their habitat. Ngorongoro Conservation Area Authority (NCAA) was established in 1959 after being separated from the Greater Serengeti National park and made a CONSERVATION;

  • Ngorongoro Conservation Area Authority (NCAA);
  • Establishment ;

Established in 1959 after being separated from the Greater Serengeti National Park and made conservation. Ngorongoro is recognized as both the UNESCO world heritage site and Biosphere Reserve.

  • Size / Area;

8,292 square Kilometers (3,200 square miles) to 8,300 square kilometers( 3,200 square miles), of this area the Ngorongoro crater (Caldera / collapsed volcano) takes up to 260 square kilometers (117square miles),  the Northern Highlands Forest Reserve (NHFR) occupies about 20 percent,  the remainder of the highlands contributes another 27 percent. The surrounding plains and bush or woodland to the north and west make up the remaining 50 percent.

  • Main habitats;

Montane forest, short grass plains, Acacia woodland.

  • Seasons ;

Dry season (June to October), Wet season / Rainy season (November to May), Best time for the wildebeest migration on the plains is January – April. Very little seasonal variation of wildlife in the crater.

  • Tourism activities;

Game drives,  guided bush walks;

  • Mammals ( Fauna);

Spectacular wildebeest and zebra migration, many large predators and large ungulates, including Rhinoceros.

GAME RESERVES / WILDLIFE AREAS ;

  • By 2005, Tanzania has had a total of 31 Game reserves or Wildlife areas.
  • Game reserves or Wildlife areas are part of Resource reserves as the categories of protected areas. Game reserves or Wildlife areas are managed by the wildlife Division of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism and are designated for sport hunting with the exception of the northern SELOUS GAME RESERVE which is used for photographic tourism. Selous game reserve is the second world’s largest reserve.  Game reserves or wildlife areas are administered by the Game Department assisted by their respective Regional Directorate. Apart from protecting the animals and plants, Game reserves or wildlife areas have been set aside as limited natural resource use sites. Therefore, some human activities can take place in the reserve, but residence is strictly prohibited; only reserve employee’s employed by the government. Licensed professional hunting is allowed only between July and December.
  1. SELOUS GAME RESERVE;
  • Establishment;
  • From 1896 to 1905, and this game reserve is recognized as the UNESCO World heritage site in 1982 due to the diversity of its wildlife and undisturbed nature.
  • Size/Area;
  • 50,000 square kilometers (19,300 square miles) to 55,000 square kilometers. The oldest and largest reserve in Africa and the second world’s largest reserve.
  • Regions Found;
  • (5 regions in Tanzania – Coast / Pwani, Morogoro, Lindi, Mtwara and Ruvuma Regions. See also – around Tanzania at www. Domestic tourism safaris. Co.tz
  • Main Habitats;
  • Dry Miombo woodland, coastal forest, riverine forest, flood plain grassland;
  • Seasons ;
  • Dry season (June to October), wet season /rainy season (November to May), Little seasonal variation in wildlife;
  • Tourism activities;
  • Game drives, guided bush walks, river boat trips.
  • Mammals (Fauna);
  • Many large ungulates, African wild dog;

GENERAL INFORMATION (SELOUS GAME RESERVE).

  • The Selous game reserve is one of the largest faunal reserves of the world, Located in the south of Tanzania. It was named after Englishman sir Frederick Selous, a famous big game hunter and early conservationist who died at Beho Beho, now a famous camp in 1917 while fighting against the Germans during world war1. Scottish explorer and cartographer Keith Johnston also died at Beho Beho in 1879 while leading an expedition to the Great lakes of Africa with Joseph Thomson. Within the reserve no permanent human habitation or permanent structures are permitted. All (human) entry and exit is carefully controlled by the wildlife division of the Tanzania Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism.  Some of the typical animals of the savanna (For example, Elephants, Hippopotamuses,  African wild dogs, Cape buffalo and crocodiles can be found in this park in large numbers than in any other African game reserve or National Park;

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND;

  • Selous Game Reserve was first designed a protected area in 1896 by the German Governor Hermann Von Wissmann and became a hunting reserve in 1905. Most of the reserve remains set aside for game hunting through a number of privately leased hunting concessions, but a section of the northern park along the Rufiji River has been designated a photographic zone and is a popular tourist destination. There are several high end Lodges and camps mainly situated along the river and lake systems in this area. Truly speaking, because of rather difficult road access means most visitors arrive by small aircraft from Dar es Salam but can also be accessed by using the Tanzania Zambia Railway Authority (TAZARA) Trains to Matambwe halt, just before Kisaki station.
  • Tourism activities;
  • Interesting places in the Park include the Rufiji River, which flows into the Indian ocean opposite Mafia Island and the Stiegler Gorge, a canyon of 100 meters depth and 100 meters width.
  • Main habitats;
  • Habitats include grassland, typical Acacia savanna, wetlands and extensive miombo woodlands. Although total wildlife populations are high, the reserve is large and densities of animals are lower than in the more regularly visited northern tourist circuit of Tanzania. Walking safaris are permitted in the Selous, and boat trips on the Rufiji are a popular activity.

(2)  KIJERESHI GAME RESERVE;

  • Establishment :         Established in 1994.
  • Size / Area : 65.7 square kilometers.
  • Region found:            Mwanza

(3)  IKORONGO GAME RESERVE;

  • Establishment:         Established in 1994.
  • Size / Area:                  1,867 square Kilometers
  • Region found:            Mara

(4) GRUMETI GAME RESERVE;

  • Establishment :        Established in 1994.
  • Size / Area: 1,900 square Kilometers
  • Region found:           Mara

(5) KIGOSI GAME RESERVE;

  • Establishment :      Established in 1983.
  • Size / Area:                  7,000 square kilometers.
  • Regions found:         Kigoma, Tabora, and Shinyanga regions;

(6) MOYOWASI GAME RESERVE;

  • Establishment:         Established in 1981.
  • Size / Area: 6,000 square Kilometers
  • Region found:            Kigoma.

( 7 ) UMBA GAME RESERVE;

  • Establishment: Established in 1974.
  • Size / Area:                  1,500 square Kilometers
  • Region found: Tanga;

(8) IBANDA GAME RESERVE;

  • Establishment:         Established in 1972.
  • Size / Area: 200 square Kilometers
  • Region found :          Kagera;

(9) BURIGI GAME RESERVE;

  • Establishment:          Established in 1972.
  • Size / Area: 2,200 square kilometers.
  • Region found:           Kagera.

(10 ) KIZIGO GAME RESERVE

  • Establishment:         Established in 1972.
  • Size / Area: 4,000 square kilometers.
  • Region Found:         Singida;

(11) MASWA GAME RESERVE

  • Establishment:         Established in 1969.
  • Size / Area: 2,200 square kilometers.
  • Region found:           Shinyanga and Simiyu regions;

(12) UGALLA GAME RESERVE;

  • Establishment:      Established in 1965.
  • Size / Area:                5,000 square kilometers.
  • Regions found;                       Tabora and Rukwa regions. The reserve is about 200 Kms from Tabora city;

(13) RUMANYIKA GAME RESERVE;

  • Establishment:        Established  in 1965.
  • Size / Area: 800 square kilometers.
  • Region found;          Kagera Urugundu;

( 14 ) BIHARAMULO GAME RESERVE;

  • Establishment:         Established  in 1959.
  • Size / Area: 1,300 square kilometers.
  • Regions found:         Kagera;

(15) UWANDA GAME RESERVE;

  • Establishment: Established in 1959.
  • Size /Area: 5,000 square kilometers.
  • Region found;                          Rukwa;

(16) MOUNT MERU GAME RESERVE;

  • Establishment:         Established in 1951.
  • Size / Area:                  300 square kilometers.
  • Region found:           Arusha;

(17) RUNGWA GAME RESERVE;

  • Establishment:         Established in 1951.
  • Size / Area:                  9,000 square kilometers.
  • Region Found:          Singida;

NOTE AND REMEMBER, for further details about the game reserves / wildlife areas of Tanzania, please go and read –‘ Around Tanzania’ at www.domestictourismsafaris.co.tz  or click’ Tried and Tested’ at the same website in order to get the profiles of each region. Also download our magazine;

GAME CONTROLLED AREAS.

  •  By 2005, Tanzania has had 38 Game controlled areas.  Approximately 50-60 Game controlled areas exist in Tanzania. They cover about 121. 655 square kilometers spread across the country. These areas are administered by the Game Department through Regional Directorates. Licensed hunting for all game species is approved except for specifically designated animals. The license can  be obtained from the Director of Game Division. Game Controlled Areas are part of Resource reserves as the categories of protected areas.

FOREST RESERVES ;

  • Forest reserves are part of resource reserves as the categories of protected areas. In Tanzania, forest reserves are scattered all over the country. Some of these are administered by the local government in the regions. Timber and animal harvesting can be done in these areas after obtaining a license from the Directors of Forestry and Game Department respectively. The total area under forest reserves is about 134,075 square kilometers. This area includes both productive and protective areas.
  • Forest reserves are supervised by the forestry department,  and in these areas human habitation is limited to reserve employees only. The purposes of setting aside forest reserves are many and varied. They include the following;

i). Research:  Forests give us a standard with which to compare the ecological changes with human activities on the natural environment.

ii). Climate: Forests have an effect on rainfall. The larger the forest the more its effect to agriculture. They are also major sources of oxygen supply.

iii). Water shed: Providing water to the surrounding agricultural lands and fishing areas. Without it, soil erosion, followed by floods may and easily occur. The area may no longer store water for release to the surrounding areas in the dry season. In view of these circumstances, deserts may soon follow. In this regard, the Ngorongoro highlands, the mount Meru and Kilimanjaro forests support the argument.

iv). National Heritage and Tourism: The most apparent reason for conserving these forests is for their uniqueness. This is an attraction to the visitor. The Kilimanjaro forest is a good example.

 

 
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